In this paper, we study some arithmetic properties of certain Toeplitz-type matrices over finite fields. For example, suppose {& alpha;1, ... , & alpha;n} are all the nonzero k-th powers in a finite field and for 1 � i, j � n, we set 1 & alpha;i-& alpha;jif i = j, xij = 0 if i = j. We give an explicit formula for the characteristic polynomial of [xij]1 �i,j',n and confirm several conjectures posed by ZhiWei Sun.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.