Fertility preservation options for transgender and nonbinary individuals

Transgender and nonbinary individuals are historically underserved by healthcare systems. A crucial area for improvement is fertility preservation counseling and service delivery, as gender-affirming hormone therapy and gender-affirming surgery may negatively affect future fertility. The methods available for fertility preservation depend on the patient's pubertal status and utilization of gender-affirming therapies, and counseling and delivery of these services are complex and require a multidisciplinary approach. Further research is needed to identify pertinent stakeholders in managing the care of these patients, as well as to better understand the optimal frameworks for delivering integrated and comprehensive care to this patient population. Fertility preservation is an active and exciting area of scientific discovery and offers a wealth of opportunities to improve the care of transgender and nonbinary individuals.