A comparative analysis of a dry bulk carrier's fuel preference in terms of entropy and environmental sustainability

The marine industry has sectoral obligations for maintaining economic and environmental sustainability in addition to environmental responsibility because of its competitive effect. Particularly, institutional goals to lower emissions and energy use based on fossil fuels have emphasized alternatives based on updating ship technologies. Recently, choosing Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) for ships has provided a useful substitute for shortterm forecasts and green transition. This study compares the performance of (Heavy-fuel oil) HFO and LNG fuels using data from a dry cargo ship's usage. Thermo-economic analyses including the environmental impact studies connected to entropy generation were used as a novel approach with new indicators. The analysis shows that the improvement potential for the ship's HFO consumption is 42.47%, whilst the improvement potential for LNG consumption is 35.12%. The sustainability index was found to be 0.23 and 0.25, whereas the environmental performance index was 0.66 and 0.59 for HFO and LNG, respectively. The engine's potential fuel efficiency was got to be discovered to be 18.73% and 12.60%, respectively. The impacts of this modification on ships were assessed at the end of the study, and sectoral preferences were suggested.