Blockchain-Enabled land management systems

Land registration system is a very critical component of a revenue department as it holds the record of lands and their owners. In many countries, land records are stored in paper form at centralized locations, making them vulnerable to forgery. Moreover, the centralized system has performance bottleneck, non-transparency, double-spending problems, and a single point of failure. Such issues lead to corruption and conflicts. Recently, Blockchain has been conceived as a technology having the potential to implement and enforce critical security requirements in land revenue systems. With Blockchain, the common issues in revenue systems, such as forgery, falsification, misrepresentation, and human-induced anomalies in records at various levels/stages, can be prevented. The focus of this research is to identify the relationship between Blockchain technology and the land administration system. We discuss issues with current paper-based centralized systems. The potential benefits of Blockchain technology in land management systems are also examined. We present the comparisons of state-of-the-art solutions along with their problems in detail. Finally, research challenges and future directions in Blockchain-enabled land management systems are explored.