Does autologous fat grafting serve the need for reconstructive surgery in oral cancer patients? A prospective evaluation in cosmetic surgery patients

Background. The prevalence of cancer is growing daily. Oral cancer, which is primarily triggered by tobacco use, can have detrimental effects on facial appearance. Despite significant advances in the molecular underpinnings of cancer, surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have become standard cancer treatment methods. These treatments remove the tumor but can significantly alter patient's appearance, which can impact their physical and mental wellbeing. The soft tissue augmentation technique of autologous fat grafting (AFG), commonly referred to as lipofilling, is frequently used in cosmetic and reconstructive surgery to promote facial rejuvenation and body form remodeling. The advantages of AFG include its biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and allergenicity, as well as its capability to heal wounds. Objectives. To explore the advantages of and patient satisfaction with the AFG technique as a potential facial restoration procedure in oral cancer patients. Materials and methods. We examined the effects of facial AFG in cosmetic surgery patients and investigated the prevalence of postoperative problems. Patient satisfaction and potential complications after autologous fat filling in different areas of the facial space were investigated using clinical evaluations, patient-reported outcomes and photographic assessments. Results. All of the patients were satisfied with the results in terms of improved facial shape, skin glossiness, skin elasticity, ptosis, and facial expressions. More than 80% of the patients and surgeons reported overall satisfaction. Conclusions. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that the AFG approach may be beneficial as a reconstructive therapy for patients with oral cancer following treatment. This technique will improve the patient's physical appearance, confidence and mental wellbeing.