Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and its Associated Risk Factors among Tuberculosis Patients in Sonipat District, Haryana: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: The global increase in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a recognised re-emerging risk and challenge to Tuberculosis (TB) control. The bidirectional association between TB and DM is currently one of the major concerns for clinicians. India has the highest prevalence of TB and the second highest prevalence of DM worldwide. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of DM and its associated risk factors among TB patients in District Sonipat, Haryana, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Diabetes among TB patients registered at the Nikshay portal. A total of 400 patients were interviewed using consecutive sampling technique from eight randomly selected Designated Microscopy Centres (DMCs) in District Sonipat, Haryana , India. To identify associations, a multivariable logistic regression model was applied.Results: The prevalence of diabetes among TB patients was found to be 16.25% (65/400). The mean age of the study subjects was 39.9 +/- 17.3 years. DM was significantly associated with increasing age, literacy, marital status, occupation, smoking, second-hand smoking, duration of smoking, sputum status at the time of initiation of treatment, pulmonary TB, and other chronic diseases such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease.Conclusion: The present study found a higher prevalence of diabetes among TB patients than in the general population. Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen early bidirectional screening and timely management of TB/DM co-morbidity.