Novel sorptive extraction techniques in bioanalysis evaluated by Blue Applicability Grade Index: The paradigm of fabric phase sorptive extraction and capsule phase microextraction

Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) and capsule phase microextraction (CPME) are two sol-gel derived microextraction techniques that emerged in the last decade towards the minimization of the environmental impact of conventional sample preparation approaches. Complementary to the well-established green metric tools, Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) was recently proposed for the evaluation of method's practicability. In this frame, BAGI evaluates the main characteristics of the sample preparation and analytical method (i.e., type of analysis, number of analytes, sample preparation, sample volume, sample throughput and simultaneous sample preparation, reagents and materials, instrumentation and automation degree, the fitness for purpose, and the automation degree) which revolve around the practical aspects of White Analytical Chemistry. The new index could easily identify the weak and strong points of each protocol for the successful evaluation of their practicality. In this article, BAGI was applied for the evaluation of different FPSE and CPME methods used in bioanalysis, proving their applicability.