Herpes simplex virus keratitis: electronic medical records driven big data analytics report from a tertiary eye institute of South India

Objective To describe the demographics and clinical profile of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Keratitis in patients presenting to a multi-tier ophthalmology hospital network in South India.Methods We have reviewed the medical records of all patients having a clinical diagnosis of any form of HSV keratitis, seen between May 2012 and August 2020 across the L V Prasad Eye Institute network.All the further analyses of the groups were performed using the keywords used for making the diagnosis of HSV keratitis and the data were collected from the electronic medical record system.Results There were a total of 8308 (N = 8897 eyes) patients. Male: female ratio was 5368 (64.61%):2940 (35.39%). Unilateral involvement was in 7719 (92.91%) patients. The most common age group affected was between the third to fifth decades of life with 1544 (18.58%). 3708 (1.68%) eyes had mild visual impairment (< 20/70) while the rest of them had moderate to severe visual impairment as observed mainly (p = 0.01) in Necrotizing stromal keratitis. 7314 (82.21%) eyes had normal intraocular pressure (10-21 mm Hg) while raised most commonly in keratouveitis (P = 0.01). Epithelial Keratitis, Immune Stromal Keratitis, Endotheliitis, Neurotrophic keratopathy and Keratouveitis were observed in 1875 (17.22%) eyes, 5430 (61.03%) eyes, in 129(1.45%) eyes, 1188 (13.35%) eyes, 148 (1.66%) eyes and 256 (2.88%) eyes respectively.Conclusion Based on our institute-based data, the most common type of HSV keratitis is Immune stromal keratitis followed by epithelial keratitis. Although not representative of the general population, this data provide useful insights related to HSV keratitis from India.