Knowledge of meteorological triggers of mass movements is crucial for determining the degree of hazards, but also for predicting their occurrence. Dendrogeomorphic methods (tree-ring based) have repeatedly provided data on historical landslide activity as a basis for detailed trigger analysis. However, the construction of long dendrogeomorphic chronologies encounters limits in the sensitivity of growth disturbances in trees as well as their age dependence. Moreover, accurate meteorological instrumental data usually do not cover the entire length of long tree-ring based chronologies of landslide movements. To resolve these uncertainties, this study has compiled the longest tree-ring-based chronology of mass movements in Central Europe for Mt. Knehyne in Outer Western Carpathians, spanning more than a quarter of a millennium and based on 228 tree-ring series of disturbed individuals of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The resulting chronology is a combination of two subchronologies that we constructed from different tree growth disturbances (reaction wood and tree-ring eccentricity), combining the advantages of both approaches. To identify potential meteorological triggers, we combined instrumental data from the nearest meteorological station together with reconstructed data from the wider landslide study area and documentary records. This gave us a uniquely long overlap of the two datasets across the full length of the mass movement chronology, allowing for more robust results compared to significantly shorter overlays. The studied mass movements followed up to three years of above-mean precipitation and were immediately triggered by short (several days) precipitation extremes. Snowmelt lasting several days to weeks in selected cases further modified this pattern.
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Stefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, RomaniaStefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
Roibu, Catalin-Constantin
Wazny, Tomasz
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Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Fac Fine Arts, Ctr Res & Conservat Cultural Heritage, Ul. Sienkiewicza 30-32, PL-87100 Torun, PolandStefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
Wazny, Tomasz
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Crivellaro, Alan
Mursa, Andrei
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Stefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, RomaniaStefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
Mursa, Andrei
Chiriloaei, Francisca
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Stefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
Stefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Dept Geog, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, RomaniaStefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
Chiriloaei, Francisca
Stirbu, Marian-Ionut
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Stefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, RomaniaStefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
Stirbu, Marian-Ionut
Popa, Ionel
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Stefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
Natl Res & Dev Inst Silviculture Marin Dracea, Calea Bucovinei 76bis, Campulung 725100, Romania
Ctr Mt Econ INCE, CE MONT Vatra Dornei, Petreni St 49, Vatra Dornei 725700, RomaniaStefan cel Mare Univ Suceava, Fac Forestry, Forest Biometr Lab, Univ St 13, Suceava 720229, Romania
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Hirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, Japan
Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, JapanHirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, Japan
Noguchi, Kinuko
Tsou, Ching-Ying
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Hirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, JapanHirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, Japan
Tsou, Ching-Ying
Ishikawa, Yukio
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Hirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Shirakami Res Ctr Environm Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, JapanHirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, Japan
Ishikawa, Yukio
Higaki, Daisuke
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Nippon Koei Co Ltd, Tokyo 1028539, JapanHirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, Japan