Load Frequency Control of a Two Area Multi-source Power System with Electric Vehicle

The purpose of automatic generation control (AGC) is to maintain a balance between the total output of the generation system against the losses at the load side in order to maintain the desired frequency and the power exchange with the neighboring areas. If there is a mismatch between generated power and the demand, the grid frequency deviates from the rated value. This high frequency offset may results in complete failure of the power system. Both load frequency control (LFC) loop and automatic voltage regulation loop (AVR) connected together in electrical systems regulates the energy flows and frequencies by AGC. The LFC system provides load control of the generator through zero frequency Steady state error and optimal transient behavior which are the goals of the LFC in an interconnected multi-zone electrical system. This paper presents a hybrid ANFIS-ANN based load frequency controller oriented by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. This technique can be implemented in a two area interconnected system in order to maintain the system frequency within the nominal value and to prevents accidental exchange of power between the two areas during load changes. The proposed method is tested in the MATLAB software to estimate its performance and the results are compared with conventional PID controller, Artificial Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) based controller to prove its supremacy.