A Novel Intelligent Ground Moving Target Indication Using Meta-Heuristic-Based Simplified Fractional Fourier Transform

One of the most significant subfields in "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)" research is considered to be target detection. Numerous studies have been conducted on target identification, with the majority of them favoring filter-oriented methods. The fundamental goal of radar systems is to "detect moving targets on the ground." Decomposing a complex matrix into a structured sparse matrix and a low-rank matrix is a fundamental mathematics issue. Surveillance and reconnaissance rely heavily on "Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI)," but it's not a simple task. The SAR ATI was first developed for calculating the radial velocity of ground-moving objects. Yet, overlapping stationary clutter can corrupt the recorded differential phase, resulting in mistakes in position and velocity calculations. The main concept of this paper is to propose a novel "Adaptive Simplified Fractional Fourier Transform (A-SFrFT)" using the intelligent meta-heuristic improvement. This adaptive SFrFT efficiently estimates the "Doppler parameters of the moving targets." The improved "Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO)" termed Trio Updating HHO (TU-HHO) is used as the meta-heuristic algorithm that enhances the performance of the SFrFT-based target estimation. The mathematical analysis and simulation findings show that the suggested methods recommended strategy is successful.