A comparative histological study of the effect of TheraCal LC and biodentine on direct pulp capping in rabbits: an experimental study

Objectives This study histologically compared the effect of TheraCal LC and biodentine on direct pulp capping using a rabbit model. Materials and methods A direct pulp capping procedure was performed on 40 mandibular central incisors of 20 healthy, male New Zealand white rabbits. TheraCal LC and biodentine were applied to exposed pulp and 10 randomly selected rabbits were euthanized after the first and second week. Incisors were extracted and prepared for histological processing and examination to check the dentine bridge thickness, continuity, and extent of pulp inflammation. A blinded data analysis was performed, and groups were compared using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test while changes across time within each group were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results When comparing the dentine bridge thickness, biodentine showed a significantly thicker dentine bridge in the first and second week (mean 28.16 mu m, 33.66 mu m), while TheraCal LC showed a dentine bridge in the second week only (mean 15.93 mu m). Regarding dentine bridge continuity, biodentine showed a significantly better dentine bridge in the first week. Additionally, there was no difference in the second week. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference between each of the materials regarding the extent of inflammation. Conclusions Biodentine in vivo showed better results concerning thickness and continuity of the dentine bridge after direct pulp capping in rabbit incisors. Both biodentine and TheraCal LC had a similar inflammatory effect on the pulp.