On Proper 2-Dominating Sets in Graphs

被引:1
|
作者
Bednarz, Pawel [1 ]
Pirga, Mateusz [1 ]
机构
[1] Rzeszow Univ Technol, Fac Math & Appl Phys, Al Powstancow Warszawy 12, PL-35959 Rzeszow, Poland
来源
SYMMETRY-BASEL | 2024年 / 16卷 / 03期
关键词
dominating set; 2-dominating set; 3-dominating set; proper 2-dominating set; DOUBLE DOMINATION; KERNELS; NUMBER; (2-D)-KERNELS; PATHS;
D O I
10.3390/sym16030296
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
This paper introduces the concept of proper 2-dominating sets in graphs, providing a comprehensive characterisation of graphs that possess such sets. We give the necessary and sufficient conditions for a graph to have a proper 2-dominating set. Graphs with proper dominating sets can have a symmetric structure. Moreover, we estimate the bounds of the proper 2-domination number in the graphs with respect to the 2-domination and 3-domination numbers. We show that the cardinality of gamma 2 over bar -set is greater by one at most than the cardinality of gamma 2-set.
引用
收藏
页数:10
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