Malakoplakia of urinary bladde: 3 cases reports and review

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment methods of bladder malakoplakia (MUB) to enhance the understanding of the disease.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the diagnosis and treatment processes of three cases of MUB treated in our department was conducted. Relevant literature from both domestic and international sources was reviewed to provide a comprehensive analysis.ResultsAll three patients underwent transurethral resection of bladder lesions combined with antibiotic therapy, and two of them received transurethral instillation of gemcitabine. There were two cases with two recurrences each, and one case with four recurrences, with the latter also concurrently presenting with unilateral ureteral malakoplakia. Postoperative pathology confirmed MUB in all three cases. Close follow-up revealed no significant recurrence in the patients.ConclusionThe effective diagnosis rate is increased by conducting multiple deep, repetitive, and randomly selected live tissue examinations. The definitive diagnosis of MUB relies on pathological histological examination. Treatment involving a combination of antibiotics and transurethral resection of bladder lesions proves to be effective. Exploring the use of bladder instillation of gemcitabine widens the spectrum of MUB treatment methods.