Recent Advancements and Developments in the Biological Importance of 1,3,5-Triazines

Nitrogen-bearing heterocycles are ubiquitous in landscapes and have a great impact on living nature. Structural motifs are present in diverse natural products like vitamins, antibiotics, and alkaloids, as well as pharmaceuticals. The 1,3,5-Triazines are the primitive class of heterocyclic motifs and are used in various synthetic and medicinal applications. This review covers an exhaustive exploration of literature reports and describes various synthetic strategies and pharmacological activities of 1,3,5-triazine moiety. Synthetic strategies include multicomponent reaction, metal catalyst reaction, microwave-assisted strategy, etc. to construct 1,3,5-triazine moiety. Pharmacological activities include anticancer, antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-tubercular, anti-leishmanial, anti-inflammatory, histamine antagonist, serotonin antagonist, etc. For anticancer activity, 1,3,5-triazine moiety-containing compounds were tested on different cell lines, and inhibitory activity was also mentioned. The involvement of this scaffold in the treatment of various diseases and disorders makes this scaffold important from a research perspective. Therefore, there is a need to present the combined data of research and reviews to the researchers to develop new molecules. For that reason, the review included information from articles published from 1978 onwards. This article presents the different parameters related to 1,3,5-Triazine, such as synthetic and biological approaches. Synthetic strategies include multicomponent reaction, metal-catalyzed reaction, microwave-assisted strategy, etc. to construct 1,3,5-Triazine moiety. With the synthetic approaches, the researcher will be able to explore new methods to synthesize novel molecules. As with the biological data, they will get an idea about activity, targets, and factors that hinder the action. This work provides new insight for researchers to construct molecules containing 1,3,5-Triazine. Article proves that 1,3,5-triazine derivatives contains diverse biological potential like antimicrobial, antimalarial, anticancer, antitubercular, antiviral etc. image