An active solar desalination system integrated with collective condenser heat pipe solar evacuated tube collector: a thermoeconomic analysis

An experimental investigation was executed on the solar evacuated tube collector containing a collective condenser unit of heat pipe arrangement attached to a single slope solar desalination system. The brackish water preheating was done by the unique solar collector before entering the still. Performance analysis of the system was carried out with 0.001, 0.002 and 0.003 kg/s brackish water flow rate in the collector and 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 m of brine water depth in a single-slope solar desalination system. The feasibility of the proposed system was evaluated by thermodynamic analysis, embodied energy, CO2 mitigation and economic analysis. Active desalination system with collective condenser heat pipe evacuated tube collector at 0.001 kg/s brackish water flow rate and 0.01 m water depth produced maximum freshwater yield, average daily thermal and exergy efficiency of 3.085 l/m(2)day, 30.25% and 3.17% respectively. An increase of maximum freshwater yield of 37.11% and average daily thermal efficiency of 43.5% respectively were achieved at a brackish water flow rate of 0.001 kg/s and 0.01 m of basin water depth in comparison with a traditional single slope solar desalination system. The embodied energy of the system was estimated as 630.77 kWh, and 0.001 kg/s and 0.01 m of water depth resulted in the highest earned carbon credit of 16,954.48 INR. The minimum payback period of 2.19 years was achieved at the lower brackish water flow rate and basin water depth of 0.001 kg/s and 0.01 m respectively.