Epidemiology and Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern: The Impacts of the Spike Mutations

被引:16
|
作者
Cocherie, Theophile [1 ]
Zafilaza, Karen [1 ]
Leducq, Valentin [1 ]
Marot, Stephane [1 ]
Calvez, Vincent [1 ]
Marcelin, Anne-Genevieve [1 ]
Todesco, Eve [1 ]
机构
[1] Sorbonne Univ, Hop Pitie Salpetriere, Assistance Publ Hop Paris AP HP, Inst Pierre Louis Epidemiol & St Publ iPLESP,INSER, F-75013 Paris, France
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Spike glycoprotein; immune evasion; transmissibility; variants; variants of concern; EMERGENCE; IMMUNITY; PROTEIN; L452R;
D O I
10.3390/microorganisms11010030
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
SARS-CoV-2 expresses on its surface the Spike protein responsible for binding with the ACE2 receptor and which carries the majority of immunodominant epitopes. Mutations mainly affect this protein and can modify characteristics of the virus, giving each variant a unique profile concerning its transmissibility, virulence, and immune escape. The first lineage selected is the B.1 lineage characterized by the D614G substitution and from which all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern have emerged. The first three variants of concern Alpha, Beta, and Gamma spread in early 2021: all shared the N501Y substitution. These variants were replaced by the Delta variant in summer 2021, carrying unique mutations like the L452R substitution and associated with higher virulence. It was in turn quickly replaced by the Omicron variant at the end of 2021, which has predominated since then, characterized by its large number of mutations. The successive appearance of variants of concern showed a dynamic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 through the selection and accumulation of mutations. This has not only allowed progressive improvement of the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2, but has also participated in a better immune escape of the virus. This review brings together acquired knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and the impacts of the Spike mutations.
引用
收藏
页数:13
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [1] Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern link to increased spike cleavage
    Escalera, Alba
    Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana S.
    Aslam, Sadaf
    Mena, Ignacio
    Laporte, Manon
    Pearl, Rebecca L.
    Fossati, Andrea
    Rathnasinghe, Raveen
    Alshammary, Hala
    van de Guchte, Adriana
    Farrugia, Keith
    Qin, Yiren
    Bouhaddou, Mehdi
    Kehrer, Thomas
    Zuliani-Alvarez, Lorena
    Meekins, David A.
    Balaraman, Velmurugan
    McDowell, Chester
    Richt, Jurgen A.
    Bajic, Goran
    Sordillo, Emilia Mia
    Dejosez, Marion
    Zwaka, Thomas P.
    Krogan, Nevan J.
    Simon, Viviana
    Albrecht, Randy A.
    van Bakel, Harm
    Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo
    Aydillo, Teresa
    [J]. CELL HOST & MICROBE, 2022, 30 (03) : 373 - +
  • [2] The Spike of Concern-The Novel Variants of SARS-CoV-2
    Winger, Anna
    Caspari, Thomas
    [J]. VIRUSES-BASEL, 2021, 13 (06):
  • [3] SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape
    William T. Harvey
    Alessandro M. Carabelli
    Ben Jackson
    Ravindra K. Gupta
    Emma C. Thomson
    Ewan M. Harrison
    Catherine Ludden
    Richard Reeve
    Andrew Rambaut
    Sharon J. Peacock
    David L. Robertson
    [J]. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2021, 19 : 409 - 424
  • [4] SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape
    Harvey, William T.
    Carabelli, Alessandro M.
    Jackson, Ben
    Gupta, Ravindra K.
    Thomson, Emma C.
    Harrison, Ewan M.
    Ludden, Catherine
    Reeve, Richard
    Rambaut, Andrew
    Peacock, Sharon J.
    Robertson, David L.
    [J]. NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY, 2021, 19 (07) : 409 - 424
  • [5] Structure-function relations of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and impact of mutations in the variants of concern
    Rey, Felix
    [J]. COMPTES RENDUS BIOLOGIES, 2021, 344 (01) : 77 - 110
  • [6] The SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
    Passi, Gouri Rao
    [J]. INDIAN PEDIATRICS, 2021, 58 (05) : 498 - 498
  • [7] SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern
    Choi, Jun Yong
    Smith, Davey M.
    [J]. YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL, 2021, 62 (11) : 961 - 968
  • [8] Differential proinflammatory activities of Spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
    Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia
    30100, Spain
    不详
    30120, Spain
    不详
    28029, Spain
    不详
    30120, Spain
    [J]. Sci. Adv., 2022, 37
  • [9] Characterization and Function of Glycans on the Spike Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern
    Zheng, Luping
    Wang, Ke
    Chen, Minghai
    Qin, Fujun
    Yan, Chuang
    Zhang, Xian-En
    [J]. MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM, 2022, 10 (06):
  • [10] Differential proinflammatory activities of Spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
    Tyrkalska, Sylwia D.
    Martinez-Lopez, Alicia
    Arroyo, Ana B.
    Martinez-Morcillo, Francisco J.
    Candel, Sergio
    Garcia-Moreno, Diana
    Mesa-Del-Castillo, Pablo
    Cayuela, Maria L.
    Mulero, Victoriano
    [J]. SCIENCE ADVANCES, 2022, 8 (37):