Investigation of the Hydrochemistry Quality of the Ouichane Groundwater (Morocco) Using Multivariate Statistical Methods and Diagram Analysis

Water pollution from mining is a major environmental concern with wideranging effects on ecosystems, human health, and communities. The study analyzed the hydrochemistry of the Ouichane groundwater near an abandoned iron mine in Morocco, evaluating its suitability for domestic and irrigation purposes and identifying factors that influence its chemistry. Fifteen sampling points were used, and standard techniques were employed to evaluate the water's physical and chemical attributes. Multivariate Statistical Methods were used to examine the relationships between different water parameters and samples. Additionally, Piper's, Schoeler's, and Wilcox's diagrams were employed to determine hydro-chemical classifications and assess the water quality. The study found three separate hydrochemical groups with two facies types: calcium-sulfatetype for all sources and sodium-sulfate-type for all wells attributed to the underlying geology and mining pollution. According to the Wilcox diagram, these waters are too overloaded with ions and classified from permissible to unsuitable; these waters are mineralized and may be suitable for irrigation of certain salt-tolerant species. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the hydrochemistry of the Ouichane aquifer. They will guide the development of strategies for water treatment, conservation, and protection, ensuring a clean and safe water supply for the Ouichane region's growing population while preserving the aquifer's long-term sustainability.