Growth and characterization of organic 4-methoxy-2-nitroaniline single crystals for optical applications

The organic aromatic 4-methoxy-2-nitroaniline single crystal was grown by the slow evaporation method. The single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) and powder XRD analyses show that the grown crystal belongs to an orthorhombic crystal system and the obtained unit cell parameters are a = 16.17 angstrom, b = 6.55 angstrom, c = 7.14 angstrom, alpha = 90 degrees, beta = 90 degrees, and gamma = 90 degrees. The various functional groups present in the grown crystal were identified by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and FT-Raman spectral analyses. The optical properties of the grown single crystal were analyzed by UV-Vis-NIR studies, and the optical parameters are calculated. The photoluminescence analysis reveals that the high-intensity emission peak was observed around 599 nm. The thermal (TG/DTA) analyses were used to investigate the melting and decomposition points of the grown 4-methoxy-2-nitroaniline single crystal. The Coats-Redfern and Horowitz-Metzger methods were used to calculate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters like the activation energy (E), frequency factor (Z), enthalpy (Delta H*), entropy (Delta S*), and Gibbs free energy (Delta G*). The Agilent LCR meter was used to analyze dielectric properties at various temperatures ranging from 40 to 120 degrees C and frequencies ranging from 100 Hz to 1 MHz. The nonlinear optical properties of 4-methoxy-2-nitroaniline were measured using the Z-scan technique, with 532 nm diode pumped continuous wave (CW) Nd:YAG laser.