Real-Time Mitigation of Measurement Noise Arising From Geomagnetic Background Interferences for a Coil Vector Magnetometer

For the existing coil vector magnetometers, the negative effect of the geomagnetic background interference generated by solar activity has hardly been considered, making it difficult to further improve the solution precision for the magnetic direction. To address this issue, we propose a novel method of mitigating the measurement noise arising from the geomagnetic background interference. We combine the total field with the synchronous component data of the three-axis fluxgate magnetic sensor to correct the resultant field after applying a bias field in real time, and then propose a new measurement algorithm of magnetic inclination and declination to reduce noise. In theoretical evaluation, we model the measurement noise and then verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Moreover, we build a dedicated experimental platform to verify the practicality of the proposed method. Comparative observation results obtained in a nonmagnetic room of a geomagnetic observatory show that the proposed method significantly mitigates the measurement noise of the magnetic inclination and declination by 83% and 75%, respectively.