Techno-economic viability analysis of a downdraft gasification system for hydrogen production from date molasses waste in Iraq

In the current study, a fixed-bed downdraft gasifier was used, in addition to gas cleaning and treatment units, to evaluate hydrogen production from the waste from a date molasses factory. Date pits and pomace were gasified at a temperature of 800 degrees C with oxygen-rich air and standard air as the gasifying agents. Simulations were performed using the Cycle-Tempo simulation tool. The impact of many process parameters (air-fuel ratio, gasification temperature, moisture content, oxygen concentration and temperature of the water-gas shift) on gas composition was investigated. The economic evaluation of hydrogen production is also discussed in this paper. Depending on the operating conditions, the results indicate that gasification of biomass in oxygen-rich air improves hydrogen yield compared with air gasification of biomass. Over the range of operating conditions examined, the maximum hydrogen production reached 45.86% for pits and 35.81% for pomace from gasification with oxygen-rich air while the H2 content reached 36.71 and 28.72% respectively for air gasification of pits and pomace. The cost analysis for the date waste gasification unit showed that the hydrogen production cost is $3/kg for date pits and $4/kg for pomace. The production of hydrogen from date molasses manufacturing waste helps to lessen reliance on fossil fuels and is an environmentally beneficial alternative source of renewable energy.