Challenges of Anti-Mesothelin CAR-T-Cell Therapy

Simple Summary In recent years, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy has achieved good results in hematological malignancies. Clinical trials on anti-MSLN CAR-T cells have shown that they have a high safety profile but limited efficacy. This article reviews the clinical research status, obstacles, progress and challenges of anti-MSLN CAR-T-cell therapy and summarizes the relevant strategies to improve the efficacy and safety of anti-MSLN CAR-T-cell therapy. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy is a kind of adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT) that has developed rapidly in recent years. Mesothelin (MSLN) is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is highly expressed in various solid tumors and is an important target antigen for the development of new immunotherapies for solid tumors. This article reviews the clinical research status, obstacles, advancements and challenges of anti-MSLN CAR-T-cell therapy. Clinical trials on anti-MSLN CAR-T cells show that they have a high safety profile but limited efficacy. At present, local administration and introduction of new modifications are being used to enhance proliferation and persistence and to improve the efficacy and safety of anti-MSLN CAR-T cells. A number of clinical and basic studies have shown that the curative effect of combining this therapy with standard therapy is significantly better than that of monotherapy.