Pilot studies of recruitment and feasibility of remote Tai Chi in racially diverse older adults with multisite pain

Background: Multisite musculoskeletal pain is highly prevalent among older adults yet undertreated. Studies support the promise of Tai Chi for managing pain and lowering fall risk. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, effective alternatives to classroom-based exercise programming are warranted. Aims: To recruit 100 racially diverse older adults with multisite pain and increased fall risk, who are interested in participating in a future Tai Chi clinical trial, and to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a short-term, remotely delivered home-based Tai Chi program. Methods: A random sample of adults aged 65 years or older living in diverse Boston neighborhoods were sent mailed invitations to participate in a telephone screening survey. Eligible adults were invited to join a 4-week Tai Chi program offered online via Zoom. Primary outcomes were class attendance, experience, and program safety. Results: Among 334 survey respondents, 105 were eligible for the intervention. Average age of eligible partici-pants was 74 years, 75% were women, and 62% were Black. We assigned 32 participants to 4 Tai Chi or 2 light exercise groups conducted via Zoom; of these, 24 (75%) completed the program and 79% attended >= 6 of 8 classes. There were no adverse events reported. Two-thirds reported it was very easy to join the online classes and 88%, very easy to see the instructor. Conclusion: Mailed invitations were effective for recruiting a racially diverse sample. Remote exercise pro-gramming delivered online via live Zoom sessions is safe and feasible for diverse older adults who have multisite pain and risk of falls.