Cascaded Interleaved DC-DC Converter for a Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charging Station

The dc-dc bidirectional step-up interleaved converter coupled by a central capacitor in a cascaded topology is used as a bidirectional electric vehicle charging station for charging and discharging the battery of an electric vehicle. In this article, a unified (coupled) model is proposed combining all switching intervals in a single model, allowing the accurate analysis and a better design for the controllers. In addition, this solution enables not only stage 1 to regulate the dc-link voltage on the terminals of stage 2 but also to use a classical proportional-integral controller or an adaptive state-of-charge-sharing function as a control structure. Finally, stability analysis, simulations, and experimental results are accomplished to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.