Prepaid water meters and water distribution system improvement: A case study of Jenin city, Palestine

A total of 1792 prepaid water meters (PPWMs) were installed along with the activities to improve water distribution in Jenin City, Palestine. The tariff collection rate, previously at 40%, increased to over 90%, thereby resulting in a revenue increase of 1.93 times. PPWMs reduced the need for direct contact between utility staff and customers, resulting in less susceptibility to COVID-19 than conventional meters. The PPWMs fostered water distribution equity by promoting conservation. While these meters boost the revenue of water utilities, increasing user satisfaction by optimizing water distribution is essential, ensuring suitable PPWM installation rates and sustainability. Concerns linger about consistent customer resistance to PPWMs, support for low-income households, and the provision of maintenance services post-warranty.