Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Hulls Are a Rich Source of Fermentable Dietary Fibre and Bioactive Phytochemicals

被引:3
|
作者
Zhang, Zhihong [1 ,2 ]
Fan, Songtao [2 ,3 ]
Duncan, Gary J. [2 ]
Morris, Amanda [2 ]
Henderson, Donna [2 ]
Morrice, Philip [2 ]
Russell, Wendy R. [2 ]
Duncan, Sylvia H. [2 ]
Neacsu, Madalina [2 ]
机构
[1] Jiangsu Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Grain Sci & Technol, Zhenjiang 212100, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Aberdeen, Rowett Inst, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland
[3] Jiangsu Univ, Sch Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Peoples R China
关键词
buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) hulls; phytochemicals; microbial metabolites; enzyme bioprocessing; in vitro digestion; in vitro fermentation; short chain fatty acids; dietary fibre; gut microbiota; MILLING FRACTIONS; BRAN; POLYPHENOLS; FOOD; BIOAVAILABILITY; METABOLISM; MICROBIOTA; CEREALS; WOMEN; ACIDS;
D O I
10.3390/ijms242216310
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Pseudo-cereals such as buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) are valid candidates to promote diet biodiversity and nutrition security in an era of global climate change. Buckwheat hulls (BHs) are currently an unexplored source of dietary fibre and bioactive phytochemicals. This study assessed the effects of several bioprocessing treatments (using enzymes, yeast, and combinations of both) on BHs' nutrient and phytochemical content, their digestion and metabolism in vitro (using a gastrointestinal digestion model and mixed microbiota from human faeces). The metabolites were measured using targeted LC-MS/MS and GC analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to detect the impact on microbiota composition. BHs are rich in insoluble fibre (31.09 +/- 0.22% as non-starch polysaccharides), protocatechuic acid (390.71 +/- 31.72 mg/kg), and syringaresinol (125.60 +/- 6.76 mg/kg). The bioprocessing treatments significantly increased the extractability of gallic acid, vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid, vanillin, syringaldehyde, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and syringaresinol in the alkaline-labile bound form, suggesting the bioaccessibility of these phytochemicals to the colon. Furthermore, one of the treatments, EC_2 treatment, increased significantly the in vitro upper gastrointestinal release of bioactive phytochemicals, especially for protocatechuic acid (p < 0.01). The BH fibre was fermentable, promoting the formation mainly of propionate and, to a lesser extent, butyrate formation. The EM_1 and EC_2 treatments effectively increased the content of insoluble fibre but had no effect on dietary fibre fermentation (p > 0.05). These findings promote the use of buckwheat hulls as a source of dietary fibre and phytochemicals to help meet dietary recommendations and needs.
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页数:23
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