Biodegradable active coating from chitosan/astaxanthin crosslinked with genipin to improve water resistance, moisture and oxygen barrier and mechanical properties of Kraft paper

An active chitosan-based coating with an addition of a natural antioxidant and a natural crosslinker has been applied to improve the performance of Kraft paper. Coatings, including chitosan (CS), CS crosslinked with 1.5 % genipin (CS-1.5G), CS containing 1 % astaxanthin (CSA) and CSA crosslinked with 1 % genipin (CSA-1G) were coated on Kraft paper. Uncoated and coated papers were then evaluated for water content (WC), water vapor permeability (WVP), contact angle, oxygen permeability (OP), tensile strength (TS), bursting strength and elongation at break (EAB). Results indicated that the coating improved the properties of Kraft paper. When compared with CS-coated paper, WC and WVP of CSA-1G-coated paper decreased significantly by 40 % and 24 %, respectively. The lowest OP was also observed in CSA-1G-coated paper. CSA- and CSA-1G-coated paper had contact angle values >100(degrees), indicating hydrophobic nature of coated paper surface. All coatings largely improved TS of the paper (by 182-224 %) whereas CS-1.5G and CSA-1G significantly improved the bursting strength of the paper. The developed genipin-crosslinked chitosan-based coating enriched with astaxanthin can improve the functional properties of Kraft paper and thus will facilitate the usage of the paper for food packaging applications.