To exploit the flexibility of TSO-DSO interaction: A coordinated transmission robust planning and distribution stochastic reinforcement solution

With the penetration of distributed energy resources into distribution systems, the power exchange between distribution and transmission systems becomes more coupled and flexible. The technical and economy performance of the expansion approach could be improved with the consideration of TSO-DSO interconnection and interaction. This paper presents a hierarchical planning framework for distribution stochastic and transmission robust optimization in a coordinated manner. Source-network-load uncertainties in transmission network are formulated using uncertain set while source-demand uncertainties in distribution networks are described with a set of representative scenarios. An integrated solution procedure, including column and constraint generation and iteration algorithm, is proposed to determine the transmission robust and distribution stochastic expansion schemes. Simulation carried out on a transmission network with three distribution networks validates the high performance of the formulated problem compared with the existing isolated expansion approach. (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).