Objective:Kaempferol( KAE) is a natural flavonoid with many biological activities including anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. Nevertheless,the relevant mechanism of its antineuroinflammation remains unclear. The present study was to investigate the mechanism of KAE against LPS-induced neuroinflammation in the striatum of mice. Methods:Lipopolysaccharide( LPS),a lipid polysaccharide,can be used to establish animal inflammation model. Adult male BALB/c mice were treated with KAE 20 mg·kg;and 50 mg·kg;for 7 days. On the 7;day,the mice were treated with LPS 5 mg·kg;for 6 h. The levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MCP-1 and ICAM-1 in the striatum were determined by ELISA. The protein expression of TLR4,MyD88,HMGB1 and P2X7 in the striatum were detected by Western blotting. Results:KAE significantly decreased cytokines release including IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MCP-1 and ICAM-1 in the striatum of mice induced by LPS. In addition,KAE also inhibited the inflammatory proteins expression,such as TLR4,MyD88,HMGB1 and P2X7,in the striatum of mice induced by LPS. Conclusion:KAE alleviates LPS-induced neuroinflammation in the striatum of mice via inhibiting TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.