Effects of Carbon and Nitrogen Additions on Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Enzyme Activities Under Rice Straw Returning

The effects of different amounts of carbon and nitrogen sources on the soil microbial biomass carbon, dissolved organic carbon and related enzyme activities were studied by the simulation experiment of rice straw returning to the field, and the mechanism of the decomposition of rice straw returning to the field was discussed. Completely randomized experiment of the two factors of the three levels was designed, and a total of nine treatments of indoor soil incubation tests were conducted. Full amount of rice straw was applied to the soil in this simulation experiment and different amounts of brown sugar and urea were added in the three levels of 0(no carbon source and nitrogen source), 1(low levels of carbon and nitrogen sources) and 2(high levels of carbon and nitrogen sources), respectively. The results showed that the addition of different amounts of carbon and nitrogen sources to the rice straw could increase the soil carbon content. Compared with T0 N0, the microbial biomass carbon of T2 N2 was increased significantly by 170.48%; the dissolved organic carbon content of T1 N2 was significantly increased by 58.14% and the free humic acid carbon contents of T0 N2, T1 N1 and T2 N0 were significantly increased by 56.16% and 45.55% and 47.80%, respectively; however, there were no significant differences among those of treatments at later incubation periods. The addition of different carbon and nitrogen sources could promote the soil enzyme activities. During the incubation period, all of the soil enzyme activities of adding sugar and urea were higher than those of T0 N0 treatment. Therefore, the addition of different amounts of carbon and nitrogen sources to rice straw returning could improve soil microbial biomass carbon content, dissolved organic carbon and soil enzyme activities.