Protective effect of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide against contrast-induced nephropathy in elderly acute myocardial infarction patients: A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND Increasing reports have demonstrated that recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide(rh BNP) can improve acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and heart failure. However, whether it can improve renal function and decrease the risk of contrastinduced nephropathy(CIN) in elderly AMI patients is still unclear.AIM To explore the effect of rh BNP on CIN in elderly AMI patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).METHODS One hundred and thirty-one elderly AMI patients underwent PCI from January 2017 to July 2021. Patients were either given 1 m L of 0.9% normal saline/(kg/h) for 72 h after PCI(control group, n = 66) and or intravenous rh BNP [1.5 mg/kg followed by 0.0075 mg/(kg/min)] for 72 h(rh BNP treatment group, n = 65). Serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, creatinine clearance rate, and e GFR were measured at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after PCI. Research nurses collected data on hand-written forms, and then stored them in password-protected electronic databases.RESULTS The creatinine clearance rate and e GFR were increased, while the creatinine and cystatin C levels were decreased significantly in the rh BNP treatment group compared to the control group at 48 h and 72 h. The incidence of CIN(P = 0.028) and acute heart failure(P = 0.017) also significantly decreased in the rh BNP group. No significant difference was noted between the two groups in cardiac death and recurrent AMI.CONCLUSION Early application of rh BNP could protect renal function and decrease the incidence of CIN after primary PCI and acute heart failure.