Preoperational diagnosis and management of breast ductal carcinoma in situ arising within fibroadenoma: Two case reports

BACKGROUND Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS) arising within fibroadenoma is a type of tumor that is rarely encountered in clinic, with only about 100 cases of carcinoma arising within a fibroadenoma reported in the literature. Here, we present two cases of breast DCIS arising within a fibroadenoma and discuss their clinical and imaging findings as well as treatment.CASE SUMMARY The patients did not have cancer-related personal and family histories. Case 1(a 49-year-old woman) was diagnosed with a bilateral breast nodule in May 2018 and was followed(preoperative imaging data including ultrasound and mammography) for 3 years; she underwent an excisional biopsy to address an enlargement in nodule size. Case 2(a 37-year-old woman) was diagnosed with a left breast nodule in June 2021 and consequently received vacuum-assisted biopsy of the tumor which appeared as “irregularly shaped” and “unevenly textured” tissue on ultrasound. The pathological diagnosis was clear in both cases. Both patients underwent breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The two cases received or planned to receive radiotherapy as well as endocrine therapy(tamoxifen).CONCLUSION Breast DCIS arising within a fibroadenoma is rare, but patients treated with radiotherapy and endocrine therapy can have good prognosis.