Heterogeneous Catalysis for CO2 Conversion into Chemicals and Fuels

Catalytic conversion of CO2into chemicals and fuels is a viable method to reduce carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality.Through thermal catalysis,electrocatalysis,and photo(electro)catalysis,CO2can be converted into a wide range of valuable products,including CO,formic acid,methanol,methane,ethanol,acetic acid,propanol,light olefins,aromatics,and gasoline,as well as fine chemicals.In this mini-review,we summarize the recent progress in heterogeneous catalysis for CO2conversion into chemicals and fuels and highlight some representative studies of different conversion routes.The structure-performance correlations of typical catalytic materials used for the CO2conversion reactions have been revealed by combining advanced in situ/operando spectroscopy and microscopy characterizations and density functional theory calculations.Catalytic selectivity toward a single CO2reduction product/fraction should be further improved at an industrially relevant CO2conversion rate with considerable stability in the future.