Due to their low cost and feasibility, distributed storage systems (DSSs) have been widely applied in large data centers, peer-to-peer storage systems such as Ocean Store, Total Recall, and DHash++, and for storage in wireless networks. However, as the storage scale dramatically increases, reliability becomes a critical issue in applications involving the DSSs. The most efficient way to guarantee reliability is to employ erasure coding. However, it brings many new challenges that need to be addressed in terms of scalable deployment, security, efficiency, new devices, and so on.