There are abundant animals and plants that are special and rare in the world, living in Xishuangbanna Due to growth of the population,the pressure on the environment increase day by day A lot of environmental problems appeared, such as the decrease of forestland area, the decrease of germ plasm resources, degradation of forest, unusual change of climate, soil erosion The Natural Reserve which was established to protect the biodiversity, also have a lot of issues have to be addressed due to the conflicts between community development and environment protection, such as life style and economic activities, and the problems within the Natural Reserve management institute The case study in this paper will elaborate the direction and principle of management in the Naban River Natural Reserve under the principle of respecting the rights of local people in development