计算社会科学中“守旧”与“维新”的方法论探讨

被引:5
|
作者
韩军徽 [1 ]
机构
[1] 中国科学技术发展战略研究院
关键词
计算社会科学; 方法论; 因果解释; 预测;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
C3 [社会科学研究方法];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ;
摘要
基于对近年来出现的大规模人类行为数据的共同兴趣,社会科学家与计算科学家携手开拓了计算社会科学这一新的研究领域。然而,学科背景与研究经历的不同导致两者围绕计算社会科学中因果解释与预测的关系上演了一场"守旧"与"维新"的方法论之争。"守旧"的社会科学家认为计算社会科学应坚持对因果解释的追求,而不必将预测作为理论的评价标准。"维新"的计算科学家则认为社会科学应给予预测更多的重视,并提出通过对预测采取适当广义的理解,在计算社会科学中进行预测是可能的。因果解释与预测并非互不兼容,两者实际上是互为补充、相互促进的关系。未来计算社会科学的发展应以解决实际问题为导向,在解决实际问题的过程中实现因果解释与预测的结合。
引用
收藏
页码:11 / 17
页数:7
相关论文
共 13 条
  • [1] Prediction and explanation in social systems
    Hofman, Jake M.
    Sharma, Amit
    Watts, Duncan J.
    [J]. SCIENCE, 2017, 355 (6324) : 486 - 488
  • [2] Interventionism and Causal Exclusion
    Woodward, James
    [J]. PHILOSOPHY AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 2015, 91 (02) : 303 - 347
  • [3] Why Do Liberals Drink Lattes? 1[J] . Daniel DellaPosta,Yongren Shi,Michael Macy.American Journal of Sociology . 2015 (5)
  • [4] We Are All Social Scientists Now: How Big Data, Machine Learning, and Causal Inference Work Together[J] . Justin Grimmer.PS: Political Science & Politics . 2014 (1)
  • [5] No! Formal Theory, Causal Inference, and Big Data Are Not Contradictory Trends in Political Science[J] . Burt L. Monroe,Jennifer Pan,Margaret E. Roberts,Maya Sen,Betsy Sinclair.PS: Political Science & Politics . 2014 (1)
  • [6] Common Sense and Sociological Explanations 1[J] . Duncan J. Watts.American Journal of Sociology . 2014 (2)
  • [7] Digital Footprints: Opportunities and Challenges for Online Social Research[J] . Scott A. Golder,Michael W. Macy.Annual Review of Sociology . 2014
  • [8] The cost of racial animus on a black candidate: Evidence using Google search data[J] . Seth Stephens-Davidowitz.Journal of Public Economics . 2014
  • [9] Data Science and Prediction
    Dhar, Vasant
    [J]. COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM, 2013, 56 (12) : 64 - 73
  • [10] Causal Mechanisms in the Social Sciences[J] . Annual Review of Sociology . 2010