The purpose of this paper is to explore the mechanism of emergence and the operation of the charity organizations in China as well as their relationship with government. Based on the new institutionalism and population ecology theory, this paper develops the theoretical framework of “organizational operation under non coordinate constraint” to illustrate this phenomena. The author thinks that the emergence of charity organization and the decoupling are the result of non coordinate environment constraining the action of organization, and it is the strategy for living when facing the pressure of institutional environment. The decoupling of form and operation of the charity organizations is also the consequence of the contradiction between the demand for resource and that for social control of government. The analytical tool of non coordinate constraint has powerful meaning in organization theory and it could be extended to the analysis of similar phenomena in organizational field.
