Objective: To study the effect of Shenqi Fuzheng Injection (参芪扶正注射液,SFI) on cellular immune in patients with mammary cancer (MC) after chemotherapy. Methods: One hundred and ten patients with MC were randomly assigned to two groups. The 58 patients in the tested group were treated with SFI in cooperation with chemotherapy of CAF protocol (Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin and Fluorouracil), while the 52 patients in the control group were treated with chemotherapy of the same protocol alone. Changes of the patients’ quality of life (QOF), adverse reaction that occurred, peripheral lymphocyte count and killing activity of single karyocyte before and after treatment between the two groups were compared. Results: Patients’ QOF elevating rate after treatment in the tested group and the control group was 34.5% and 13.5% respectively; The lowering of peripheral blood cell count of WBC, platelet and lymphocyte as well as that of the killing activity of single peripheral karyocyte on various kinds of MC cells were all milder and recovery sooner than those in the control group. Conclusion: SFI in combination with chemotherapy in treating MC could reduce the occurrence of adverse reaction to chemotherapy, improve clinical symptoms, elevate QOF and enhance immunity in patients with MC.