Optimal site selection for wind-solar-hydrogen storage power plants based on geographic information system and multi-criteria decision-making model: A case study from China

Building an economical and efficient WSHESPP (Solar solar Hydrogen Energy storage power plant) is a key measure to effectively use clean energy such as wind and solar energy and enhance the stability of power supply, which is crucial to promote the transformation of the national energy structure and promote the sustainable development of the clean energy industry. In this process, the location decision of WSHESPP is the core link in the planning process, which is directly related to the economic feasibility and environmental friendliness of the project. In view of this, this study focuses on the location modeling of WSHESPP and designs a two-stage decision model. In the first stage, we constructed a set of veto conditions framework, and carried out a detailed analysis of the region of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with the help of GIS technology (geographic information system), excluded unsuitable areas, rated the suitability of potential feasible areas, and finally selected seven ideal candidate sites for WSHESPP construction. In the second phase, we applied MCDM (Multi-criteria Decision Method) to further select the optimal construction location. Firstly, through Delphi method and extensive literature research, we have established a comprehensive evaluation index system covering four aspects: economy, social impact, ecological environment and natural resources. Then, we creatively combined G1-EWM (a weight determination method) and TIFN (triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number) to scientifically and reasonably assign the weights of each evaluation index. Finally, in view of the potential influence of psychological cognitive factors in the decision-making process, we apply TIFL-ToDIM (an interactive multi-criteria decision-making model) to carefully compare and rank the alternatives. In order to ensure the robustness and reliability of the evaluation model, we also carried out in-depth sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis to comprehensively verify the applicability and accuracy of the model.