CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS: GREEN TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT

The paper describes the implementation of constructed wetlands as an alternative technological solution for treating different waste watertypes, including the advantages and disadvantages of the main constructed wetlands types. The information on the mechanisms and processes for different pollutant type removal from raw waste water are provided. The paper also summarises new insights into the development and improvement of constructed wetlands, including over 50 references that could serve as a basis for further research in the field and a potential commercial application. Based on the published research results, the data on their efficiency in reducing the input waste water load are provided. In addition, the critical factors for sustainable and efficient operation of constructed wetlands are listed, such as correct selection of wetland vegetation and substrates as well as other important parameters- water depth / substrate thickness, hydraulic retention time and hydraulic feed rate, including the manner of waste water distribution through constructed wetlands.