Exploring intermediate richness peak: Contrasting local and regional patterns of vascular epiphytes in the Brazilian tropical montane cloud forests

被引:0
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作者
Furtado, Samyra Gomes [1 ]
Barbosa, Daniel Elias Ferreira [2 ]
Menini Neto, Luiz [3 ]
机构
[1] Ctr Univ Acad, Campus Arnaldo Janssen,Rue Luz Interior 345, BR-36030776 Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil
[2] Prefeitura Municipal Chacara, Escola Municipal Prefeito Nilto Souza Bretas, Chacara, MG, Brazil
[3] Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bot, Campus Univ, Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil
关键词
conservation units; dwarf cloud forest; elevation gradient; environmental variables; Serra da Mantiqueira; SPECIES-RICHNESS; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT; DIVERSITY PATTERNS; PLANT GROUPS; LOS TUXTLAS; CLIMATE; WATER; ALTITUDE; RANGE; SCALE;
D O I
10.1111/aec.70015
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Altitudinal gradients can provide valuable insights into the distribution patterns of species richness at both local and regional scales. Typically, species richness peaks at intermediate elevations. This pattern can be attributed to factors such as climatic conditions, the mid-domain effect, and historical-evolutionary processes. Our research aimed to investigate the distribution patterns of vascular epiphytes along the regional elevation gradient in dwarf cloud forests of Serra da Mantiqueira (SM), Brazil. We hypothesised that species richness would peak at intermediate elevations correlating with the availability of water. To test this hypothesis, we sampled 18 plots, each measuring 20 x 20 m, in seven protected areas with varying elevation gradients. The lowest plot was at 1270 m, and the highest was at 2350 m. In each plot, we surveyed trees (phorophytes) with a circumference at breast height of 30 cm. Rarefaction analysis was conducted to compare species richness among plots, while beta diversity analysis was used to assess species composition changes along the elevation gradient and across the SM range. We employed a generalised linear model (GLM) with a Poisson distribution to examine the relationships between environmental variables and plant richness. Our findings suggest that there is no intermediate peak in species richness in any of the localities. However, regionally, the elevation range of 1500-1700 m exhibited the highest richness, particularly when compared to the higher plots, which are subject to low temperatures that act as environmental filters, limiting species richness despite higher precipitation. Furthermore, plots above 1980 m showed low turnover, indicating that these filters contribute to a more homogeneous composition. Species composition across the SM was influenced by climatic differences, and overall, geographical distance was not significant, as within the same locality exhibited low turnover. This study provides a foundation for understanding patterns of species richness and composition along altitudinal gradients in the context of global climate change. Gradientes altitudinais permitem a investiga & ccedil;& atilde;o de padr & otilde;es de distribui & ccedil;& atilde;o da riqueza de esp & eacute;cies em escala local e regional. Podem ser esperados picos de riqueza em altitudes intermedi & aacute;rias para diferentes t & aacute;xons, e a explica & ccedil;& atilde;o para este padr & atilde;o inclui fatores clim & aacute;ticos, o mid-domain effect e quest & otilde;es hist & oacute;rico-evolutivas. Nosso objetivo foi investigar padr & otilde;es de distribui & ccedil;& atilde;o de ep & iacute;fitas vasculares ao longo de um gradiente altitudinal regional em nanoflorestas nebulares na Serra da Mantiqueira, e nossa hip & oacute;tese & eacute; a exist & ecirc;ncia de um pico intermedi & aacute;rio correlacionado & agrave; maior disponibilidade de & aacute;gua em altitudes intermedi & aacute;rias. N & oacute;s amostramos 18 parcelas de 20 x 20 m em sete localidades com diferentes extens & otilde;es de gradiente altitudinal, sendo a mais baixa a 1270 m e a mais alta a 2350 m. Em cada parcela foram amostradas as & aacute;rvores com CAP maior que 30 cm, quanto a presen & ccedil;a de ep & iacute;fitas vasculares. A an & aacute;lise de rarefa & ccedil;& atilde;o foi realizada para comparar a riqueza de esp & eacute;cies entre as parcelas, enquanto a an & aacute;lise de diversidade beta foi utilizada para avaliar a composi & ccedil;& atilde;o de esp & eacute;cies ao longo do gradiente de eleva & ccedil;& atilde;o e na extens & atilde;o da Serra da Mantiqueira. Empregamos um modelo linear generalizado (GLM) com distribui & ccedil;& atilde;o de Poisson para examinar as rela & ccedil;& otilde;es entre vari & aacute;veis ambientais e riqueza de plantas. Nenhuma localidade apresentou o pico intermedi & aacute;rio de riqueza, mas regionalmente a faixa altitudinal entre 1500 e 1700 m apresentou maior riqueza, principalmente comparada a faixas acima destas, onde as baixas temperaturas atuam como um filtro ambiental, limitando a riqueza mesmo com maior precipita & ccedil;& atilde;o. Al & eacute;m disso, parcelas acima de 1980 m mostraram baixa substitui & ccedil;& atilde;o, indicando que esses filtros contribuem para uma composi & ccedil;& atilde;o mais homog & ecirc;nea. Ao longo da Serra da Mantiqueira, a composi & ccedil;& atilde;o & eacute; afetada por diferen & ccedil;as clim & aacute;ticas quanto a sazonalidade, agrupando parcelas da mesma localidade, mesmo com a dist & acirc;ncia n & atilde;o sendo um fator significativo para o agrupamento. Os resultados apresentados aqui oferecem um ponto de partida para a observa & ccedil;& atilde;o de padr & otilde;es na riqueza e composi & ccedil;& atilde;o de esp & eacute;cies em gradientes altitudinais diante das mudan & ccedil;as clim & aacute;ticas globais.
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页数:18
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