Recent advances in BiFeO3-based nanostructures: Properties and applications

Bismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) is a widely researched multiferroic material that exhibits ferroelectric, antiferromagnetic, and piezoelectric properties at room temperature, making it an exceptional candidate for a range of applications across multiple fields. This review explores the fundamental properties of BiFeO3-based nanostructures, including their high Curie temperature, significant piezoelectric and photovoltaic responses, and magnetoelectric coupling. The combination of these properties enables BiFeO3 nanostructures to be utilized in various devices, such as energy harvesting systems, optoelectronic components, and sensors. Applications in photovoltaic devices and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) further demonstrate the material's versatility and potential for innovation. Moreover, advances in thin-film fabrication techniques and interface engineering have led to improved performance and stability in BiFeO3-based devices. Despite challenges related to carrier mobility, leakage currents, and fabrication complexity, ongoing research continues to enhance the functionality of BiFeO3 nanostructured materials, driving their adoption in next-generation technologies. This article reviews the current state of research on BiFeO3 nanostructures, highlighting their properties and optical applications while providing insights into their future potential in both scientific and commercial domains.