Unsteady magnetohydrodynamic free convection flow of Al2O3-Cu/water nanofluid over a permeable linear stretching sheet through a porous medium with viscous dissipation and heat source/sink

This paper examines the effect of Copper and Aluminium oxide nanoparticles on the MHD water-based flow over a permeable linearly stretching sheet through a porous medium. The objective of the present work is to exhibit the impact of magnetic field, viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, and heat source/sink with the metallic and oxide nanoparticles due to permeable stretching sheet. The significance of a new advanced nanofluid with two kinds of nanoparticle materials (Copper and Aluminium oxide) stems from the fact that in the design of various equipment, such as nuclear power plants, gas turbines, propulsion devices for aircraft, missiles, etc. Similarity variables were used to transform the nonlinear partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. To solve the obtained ODEs, the MATLAB bvp4c solver is used. The behavior of velocity and temperature profiles is discussed through graphs. Also, the physical quantities, such as Skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number, for both fluids are calculated and presented via tables. We have compared the velocity profiles of nanofluids and pure fluid and observed that Copper and Alumina nanofluids perform more efficiently than the base fluid. Moreover, the numerical results are compared with the existing results and found to have good accuracy with the present results.