Tidal flats extraction in the coastal zone based on time-series Sentinel-2 imagery and near-infrared tidal flats indices

When extracting coastal zone tidal flats using remote sensing transient images, the influence of tides greatly limits the accuracy of tidal flat spatial distribution extraction. With the purpose of weakening the influence of tides, a method of extracting coastal zone tidal flats by combining time-series Sentinel-2 images and tidal flat index was pro- posed. First, based on the Sentinel-2 time-series image data, we us the quantize synthesis method to generate high- and low-tide images, and then analyz the spectral reluctance characteristics of different land classes on the high- and low- tide images. A NIR-band tidal flat extraction index that excludes the interference of the tidal transient was constructed. Secondly, the image spectral information and the tidal flat extraction index were input into a machine learning algorithm to realize fast and efficient extraction of the tidal flat. In addition, the study discussed the separability of the tidal flats index and the generalizability of the methodology. The results show that the tidal flat's extraction index constructed in this research had a good separability for tidal flats, the overall accuracy of tidal flats extraction was 93. 02%, the Kappa coefficient was 0. 86, and the proposed method had good applicability to remote sensing images containing near-infrared bands. This method can realize automatic and rapid tidal flat extraction, and provide data support for the sustainable management and protection of coastal zone resources.