Energy Management System for a Prosumer with Vehicle-to-Home: a Case Study in Italy

This paper proposes an Energy Management System (EMS) based on a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) optimisation model, implemented in Matlab/Yalmip and solved by Gurobi, used to manage a private house acting as a prosumer in the province of Bolzano, Italy. The house is equipped with a Photovoltaic (PV) plant and a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). The building is connected to the low-voltage distribution grid and the integration of an Electric Vehicle (EV) with a dedicated charging wall-box is considered as a further scenario. In the first phase of the analysis, the performance of the system is examined without the inclusion of the EV, comparing the results of the developed EMS with real-world data. This phase aims to test the effectiveness of the proposed EMS, if compared to the one supplied by the PV and BESS provider: in the two representative months, January and August, the proposed EMS allows a reduction of net operating costs of 10.0% and 1.9% respectively. In the second phase of the analysis, the integration of the EV into the household context is considered, enabling Vehicle-to-Home (V2H). Economic and energy Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) show the effectiveness of the proposed EMS and the beneficial effects of EV and V2H integration, as proved by a Self-Consumption Rate (SCR) of 92.9% in January and by a Self-Sufficiency Rate (SSR) of 99.9% in August.