A novel one-dimensional chaotic map, novel diffusion and DNA encoding-based image encryption scheme

The advancements in data storage and network technologies give rise to the urgent need for new image encryption techniques that are computationally fast but complex enough to withstand all types of security attacks. This paper introduces a novel one-dimensional chaotic map named Delta Sine-Cosine (DSC) chaotic map that uses trigonometric functions. With that, a new encryption scheme is proposed, which pairs random sequences generated by a proposed DSC map with DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) encoding. The complete encryption process is divided into three steps, permutation, diffusion and confusion. The first step is permutation which encorporates a chaotic sequence generated using the proposed map and shuffles the pixels. The second step is diffusion which is divided into two steps. In first half pixel values are mixed using XOR operation using a pattern inspired by the movement of a chess piece knight. And in second half three matrices, also called masks, with values in the range of pixels is generated and XORed with each channel of the image. In the last confusion step, the permuted image is converted into a DNA sequence which is DNA XORed followed by DNA addition with the two different DNA encoded chaotic sequences that are generated using the proposed DSC map. This DNA encoded image is converted into noise like binary image or cipher image. The performance of this setup has been measured by using various performance parameters like Number of changing pixel rate, Unified averaged changing intensity, Correlation Coefficient, histogram analysis, Peek signal-to-noise ratio Entropy and Variance of Errors, which prove that the proposed encryption framework is capable of handling different types of attacks.