Prolonged Viral Shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in Patients With Underlying Haemato-oncological Disease

被引:0
|
作者
Angleitner, Alexander casimir [1 ]
Levien, Lena [1 ]
Buentzel, Judith [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Med Ctr Gottingen, Dept Hematol Med Oncol, Gottingen, Germany
来源
IN VIVO | 2025年 / 39卷 / 02期
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; viral-shedding; immunosuppression; hemato-oncology; COVID-19; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; COVID-19; MULTICENTER;
D O I
10.21873/invivo.13887
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
Background/Aim: Case reports describe prolonged COVID19 shedding in patients with malignant hematological disease. Similarly, we observed extended viral shedding in hemato-oncological patients (HP) at our SARS-CoV-2 unit. This raises the question of whether HP are more susceptible to prolonged SARS-CoV-2 shedding and which aspects of immunosuppression contribute to this phenomenon. Patients and Methods: Data from HP treated at a single center between 02/2022 and 02/2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Overall, 47 HP with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test were included. Additional data on 16 HP were retrieved from literature. The duration of SARS-CoV-2 positivity (t[SARS+]) was compared between subgroups with different diagnoses, immune status, and HP with and without medical treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Results: t[SARS+] of HP was 47 days [interquartile range (IR)=25-95] and 12 HP (19%) were still positive by the end of the follow-up. In our cohort, four HP died while still shedding SARS-CoV-2 [t[SARS+]=47 days (IR=33.5-86)]. Different oncological diagnoses did not influence t[SARS+]. HP under steroids had a significantly longer average t[SARS+] (108 days vs. 45 days; p=0.016). HP with B cell depletion/T cell depletion and leukopenia were found to require more time to test negative for SARS-CoV-2 (p(Logrank) <0.05). Vaccinated HP had a significantly shorter duration of viral shedding (vaccinated 35.5 days vs. not vaccinated 86 days; p(Logrank) <0.01). Conclusion: Prolonged viral shedding is a common occurrence in HP. Our data illustrate that HP under immune suppression show a significantly longer t[SARS+]. Furthermore, we demonstrate that vaccination influences the length of viral shedding.
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页码:844 / 850
页数:7
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