Enhanced permeation mechanism and tribological assessment of ultrasonic vibration nanolubricants grinding CFRP

CFRP precision grinding is a critical process in aeronautical industry. To enhance surface integrity, ultrasonic- assisted MQL grinding with nanolubricants was developed. The effects of ultrasonic on permeation mechanism and fluid dynamic pressure lubrication were investigated. The mechanical behavior of droplet anisotropic spreading, contact line dynamics, and capillary action was analyzed. Additionally, tribological properties of CFRP grinding surfaces with various fiber orientation angles were evaluated. The findings reveal contact angles in vertical grinding direction are higher than those in parallel direction. The application of 2D ultrasonic vibration decreased stable aspect ratio and increased spreading speed of droplets. Nanolubricants demonstrated significant improvements in reducing friction coefficient, grinding force ratio, wear area and volume, with a maximum reduction in friction coefficient of 34.87 %.