The development of a green analytical method to monitor adulteration in ginger using visible and near-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric tools

This study presents the application of the Visible/ Near Infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy method combined with chemometric tools to investigate the adulteration of ginger with bean powder. Absorbance spectra were acquired within two distinct spectral ranges, 530-900 nm and 1000-1700 nm. The spectral data underwent comprehensive analysis to establish an optimal calibration model for accurately predicting the percentage of bean powder added to ginger. Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) was employed for data analysis, resulting in a model for visible regions with a prediction regression coefficient (Rp) of 0.99, a Standard Error of Prediction (SEP) of 0.60, a Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) of 0.63, and a biasvis of 0.2. Besides, for the NIR region, an Rp was obtained of 0.99, a SEP of 0.67, a RMSEP of 0.65, and a biasNIR of -0.073. The best regression model was obtained in the 530-900 nm spectral range. The results show that this method is fast for analyzing ginger adulterated with bean powder. The sensitivity of adulteration detection is possible from 0.5%.