Enhancing resource recovery in Indonesian upcycled food supply chains: collaborative innovation networks and their drivers

This study provides theoretical and practical perspectives on resource recovery (RR) in upcycled food (UF) supply chains. The goal of RR in UF supply chains is to minimize food waste and maximize the value derived from food byproducts and surplus. However, since these supply chains are fragmented and recovering and utilizing food waste involve inherent uncertainties, implementation is challenging. This study employs the fuzzy Delphi method and a fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory. The analysis validates 29 attributes of RR in UF supply chains, examines their causal relationships, and assesses hierarchical interdependencies. The findings reveal that financial resources, managerial strategies, and digital infrastructure causally drive collaborative innovation networks. This study provides managerial implications for the UF industry, highlighting the importance of engaging business stakeholders, supporting collaborative problem solving, allocating budgets strategically, developing lifecycle value strategies, and focusing on value creation. These insights can inform strategies and sustainable practices in the food sector.